X12 Incorporated

Nonprofit profile at a glance

EIN
461372675
IRS 990 coverage
2020–2025
Forms available
Form 990 2025, Form 990-N 2014
Location
Arlington, VA, USA
Phone
7039704480
Rating
43
Verdict
MIXED
Rating confidence
Moderate
Sector
Professional Societies, Associations

Official website

Reported finances

Revenue
$2,196,784
Expenses
$1,913,208
Assets
$3,091,832
Liabilities
$821,538

Source: IRS Form 990. Selected filing: tax year 2025. Amounts in USD.

Leadership & pay

6 people listed

Executive titles in this filing

  • Cathy Sheppard (CEO, Secretary)

Highest reported compensation

  • Cathy Sheppard (CEO, Secretary): $483,290 total reported compensation

Source: IRS Form 990. Selected filing: tax year 2025. Names and roles reflect this filing, not necessarily current officeholders.

Overview

Mission

X12 is an ANSI-accredited, consensus-based, non-profit organization focused on development, implementation, and ongoing use of mature, highly-efficient and effective, technology-neutral, interoperable electronic data interchange standards that support ongoing and emerging needs of businesses and consumers across and within various industries.

What it reported doing in 2025

Work Products: (1) Maintaining an expansive standardized vocabulary to define data content and describe data relationships for particular business uses across many industry verticals; (2) Publishing of: (a) metadata repository that supports syntax-specific and syntax-neutral electronic messages, (b) EDI Standards- traditional EDI syntax that powers business-to-business electronic transactions in the U.S. and internationally, (c) technical reports- implementation instructions, explanations, and best-practice guidance that enables consistent, interoperable exchange of electronic messages, (d) external code sets- standardized code sets that support consistent and interoperable information exchange, (e) interpretations- clarifications and other explanations that satisfy questions from X12's clients and members, and (f) implementation tools- applications, APIs, and other technical solutions that assist implementers and users of X12 products; (3) Providing easy and convenient web-based access to X12 products; (4) Providing tools to support member collaborations via web-based tools, web conferences, and teleconferencing; (5) Providing a forum for industry or cross-industry discussion of emerging business needs, technologies, and opportunities.

Operating model

Revenue model
Other-operating. 100% of the money available for current operations came from other operating revenue.
Distribution model
Cannot be determined from the filing. The filing does not provide enough consistent spending detail to tell whether the nonprofit works directly or through others.

The verdict

MIXED - The filed numbers largely add up and most voting board members are independent. A relatively small share of available resources goes toward mission work and a relatively small share of total spending goes to programs.

Rating breakdown

  • Financial Efficiency: 0
  • Transparency & Controls: 77
  • Accountability: 74
  • Sustainability: 49
  • Growth: 60

Detailed rating inputs

Financial Efficiency

  • Mission deployment rate: 0%; rating input score 0
  • Program expense ratio: 0%; rating input score 0
  • Fundraising efficiency: Limited

Transparency & Controls

  • Consistency checks: 100%; rating input score 100; 63rd percentile among comparable filings
  • Pay-setting controls: 3 of 6 controls in place; rating input score 50
    • Compensation committee: Missing
    • Independent consultant: Missing
    • Other Form 990s reviewed: Pass
    • Written employment contract: Pass
    • Compensation survey or study: Missing
    • Board or committee approval: Pass
  • Foreign activity oversight: Limited
  • Grant itemization coverage: Limited
  • Major donor itemization: Limited
  • Related-party transparency: Limited

Accountability

  • Independent voting board: 83.3%; rating input score 83; 17th percentile among comparable filings
  • Governance controls: 5 of 8 controls in place; rating input score 62
    • Conflict-of-interest policy: Pass
    • Whistleblower policy: Pass
    • Document-retention policy: Fail
    • CEO compensation review process: Pass
    • Other executive compensation review process: NotApplicable
    • Form 990 shared with the board: Pass
    • Board meeting minutes documented: Pass
    • Audit committee oversight: Missing
    • Independent financial-statement audit: Fail

Sustainability

  • Operating margin: 12.9%; rating input score 62; 62nd percentile among comparable filings
  • Total-asset coverage ratio: 1.62; rating input score 51; 51st percentile among comparable filings
  • Liabilities to assets ratio: 0.27; rating input score 29; 29th percentile among comparable filings
  • Officer compensation ratio: 25.3%; rating input score 11; 11th percentile among comparable filings

Growth

  • Program expense growth: Limited
  • Revenue growth: 18.6% per year; rating input score 100; 85th percentile among comparable filings
  • Asset growth: 30.6% per year; rating input score 100; 93rd percentile among comparable filings

Details

  • Where the money goes: 0% of revenue deployed · 0% of spending went to programs
  • Governance: 5 of 6 board members independent · 5 of 8 filing controls reported
  • Programs: 3 filed program accomplishments · $256K in reported program spending
  • Leadership: top reported pay $483K · 6 people listed · 3 of 6 pay-setting controls reported
  • Highest-paid contractors: 1 contractor listed · $483K reported
  • Consistency: 10 of 11 current checks pass · 1 finding to review
  • Schedules: 3 filed schedules · includes executive pay
  • Filing history: 6 filing years from 2020 to 2025
  • Contacts: How to reach this organization
  • Money network: 1 filed money-flow record
  • Grant readiness: Federal tax and exclusion status, award history, and grant-maker relationships.
  • People: Everyone the filings name, and which of them the filings identify by more than a name.

Key Signals

Signals prioritize questions for review. They are not findings of misconduct.

  • High — Financial Efficiency: Mission deployment rate scored 0/100.
  • High — Financial Efficiency: Program expense ratio scored 0/100.
  • Review — Accountability: Governance controls: 2 of 7 not reported.
  • Moderate — Transparency & Controls: Functional expense sum did not reconcile in the filed values.
  • Review — Sustainability: Total-asset coverage ratio scored 51/100.
  • High — Sustainability: Officer compensation ratio scored 11/100.
  • High — Sustainability: Liabilities to assets ratio scored 29/100.