Understory Alliance
Nonprofit profile at a glance
- EIN
- 882282231
- IRS 990-EZ coverage
- 2022–2025
- Forms available
- Form 990-EZ 2025
- Location
- Hanalei, HI, USA
- Phone
- 8086315214
- Rating
- 85
- Verdict
- STRONG
- Rating confidence
- Moderate
- Sector
- Environmental Quality, Protection, and Beautification N.E.C.
Reported finances
- Revenue
- $44,613
- Expenses
- $26,011
- Assets
- $44,053
- Liabilities
- $1,153
Source: IRS Form 990-EZ. Selected filing: tax year 2025. Amounts in USD.
Leadership & pay
11 people listed
Executive titles in this filing
- Rhian Campbell (President)
- Annie Torio (Vice President)
- Sari Pastore (Executive Director)
People named in this filing
- Rhian Campbell (President)
- Annie Torio (Vice President)
- Uma Nagendra (Treasurer)
Selected names, not a complete roster or a statement of current roles. Open leadership details for the complete filed list.
Source: IRS Form 990-EZ. Selected filing: tax year 2025. Names and roles reflect this filing, not necessarily current officeholders.
Overview
Mission
Understory Alliance develops and stewards Mala Laau community forest gardens in public spaces on Kauai, providing free access to food and medicine plants, place-based education, and ecological restoration through community stewardship.
What it reported doing in 2025
Understory Alliance grows and stewards Mala Laau, community forest gardens in public spaces on Kauai, runs 2 plant nurseries, and delivers hands-on education and workforce development. All sites are free and open to the public. SITES AND STEWARDSHIP: Stewarded 2 active Mala Laau sites in 2025. The Kauai Animal Education Farm site was converted from degraded guinea grass into a functioning multi-layered forest garden now supporting 50+ plant species available for community harvest. Advanced the Wailua Homesteads Park Mala Laau (approximately 0.6 acres) through a formal 5-year stewardship agreement with the County of Kauai Parks and Recreation, the first of its kind for the organization. Site work included invasive species clearing, fencing design to exclude feral pigs, and phased planting. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: Conducted a multi-channel community survey with 127 participants to guide Wailua site design. Results: 83% supported the project (exceeding the pre-established 70% threshold required to proceed); 92% identified food security as a priority; 88% environmental restoration; 85% health and wellness; 81% recreation; 89% expressed interest in learning. Survey results directly shaped plant selection, site layout, and programming. Hosted 4 community outreach and tabling events. NURSERIES AND PLANT PRODUCTION: Operated 2 nurseries in Kalaheo and Haena growing native, canoe, food, and medicinal plants for Mala Laau sites and community distribution. Collected and stewarded 26,430+ seeds across 52+ species. Plants are available to the community at no cost. VOLUNTEER ENGAGEMENT: Coordinated 2,934 volunteer hours across stewardship, planting, maintenance, and program support. Hosted 14 community workdays combining hands-on site care with informal learning and community connection. EDUCATION AND WORKSHOPS: Hosted 3 public workshops: flower pounding, propagation from cuttings, and compost systems in partnership with Zero Waste Kauai. Education happens through the sites themselves. People learn by doing, alongside others who know the plants and the land. WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT: Hosted 7 interns: 1 from Kauai Community College, 3 career-based learning placements through Hawaii Technology Academy, 2 post-baccalaureate interns, and 1 high school intern. Interns worked directly in nurseries and on active Mala Laau sites, getting real hours in plant propagation, stewardship, and land-based work. PARTNERSHIPS: Worked with 8+ organizations, including County of Kauai Parks and Recreation, Kauai Animal Education Farm, Hallux Ecosystem Restoration, Kauai Community College, Hawaii Technology Academy, UH Master Gardener Program, Department of Land and Natural Resources, and local nurseries and conservation groups. Partners contributed plants, seeds, land access, technical knowledge, and program capacity. COMMUNITY ACCESS: Both Mala Laau sites stayed open all year. People came to harvest food, gather medicine, and spend time in the gardens. No fees, no registration, no requirements. Outcomes reflect contributions of this program alongside broader community and partner efforts and are not claimed as sole or causal impacts.
Operating model
- Revenue model
- Donor-supported. 99% of the money available for current operations came from contributions and gifts.
- Distribution model
- Direct operator. The filing allocates 100% of reported program-service expenses outside its grant, affiliate-payment, and member-benefit lines. This expense classification does not rule out separately announced grant awards.
The verdict
STRONG - The filed numbers largely add up and a large share of total spending goes to programs. A relatively small share of available resources goes toward mission work and liabilities are high compared with assets.
Rating breakdown
- Financial Efficiency: 74
- Transparency & Controls: 100
- Sustainability: 68
- Growth: 100
Detailed rating inputs
Financial Efficiency
- Mission deployment rate: 58.3%; rating input score 58
- Program expense ratio: 100%; rating input score 100
Transparency & Controls
- Consistency checks: 100%; rating input score 100; 51st percentile among comparable filings
- Major donor itemization: Yes; rating input score 100
Sustainability
- Operating margin: 41.7%; rating input score 87; 87th percentile among comparable filings
- Total-asset coverage ratio: 1.69; rating input score 61; 61st percentile among comparable filings
- Liabilities to assets ratio: 0.03; rating input score 21; 21st percentile among comparable filings
- Officer compensation ratio: 0%; rating input score 56; 56th percentile among comparable filings
Growth
- Program expense growth: 74.2% per year; rating input score 100; 95th percentile among comparable filings
- Revenue growth: 68% per year; rating input score 100; 98th percentile among comparable filings
- Asset growth: 83.6% per year; rating input score 100; 97th percentile among comparable filings
Details
- Where the money goes: 58.3% of revenue deployed · 100% of spending went to programs
- Governance: Filed governance answers
- Accomplishments: 1 filed program accomplishment · $26K in reported program spending
- Leadership: top reported pay $0 · 11 people listed
- Consistency: 9 of 9 current checks pass
- Schedules: 3 filed schedules
- Filing history: 4 filing years from 2022 to 2025
- Contacts: How to reach this organization
- Grant readiness: Federal tax and exclusion status, award history, and grant-maker relationships.
- People: Everyone the filings name, and which of them the filings identify by more than a name.
Key Signals
Signals prioritize questions for review. They are not findings of misconduct.
- Review — Financial Efficiency: Mission deployment rate scored 58/100.
- High — Sustainability: Liabilities to assets ratio scored 21/100.
- Review — Sustainability: Officer compensation ratio scored 56/100.