Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance
Legal name: Gavi Alliance
Nonprofit profile at a glance
- EIN
- 980593375
- IRS 990 coverage
- 2020–2024
- Official website data refreshed
- Aug 2026
- Forms available
- Form 990 2024, Form 990-T 2024
- Location
- Grandsaconnex, Geneva, SZ
- Phone
- 2024781050
- Rating
- 84
- Verdict
- STRONG
- Rating confidence
- Standard
- Sector
- International Relief
Reported finances
- Revenue
- $2,547,417,284
- Expenses
- $3,113,532,143
- Assets
- $9,505,640,020
- Liabilities
- $2,398,212,512
Source: IRS Form 990. Selected filing: tax year 2024. Amounts in USD.
Leadership & pay
71 people listed
Executive titles in this filing
- DR SANIA NISHTAR (CEO - AS OF 03/24)
Highest reported compensation
- DAVID MARLOW (COO & ACTING CFO - UNTIL 06/24): $869,845 total reported compensation
- DR SANIA NISHTAR (CEO - AS OF 03/24): $456,449 total reported compensation
- ROSEMARY OWINO - SR MNGR (FIN. MGMT SPEC. - UNTIL 12/24): $446,067 total reported compensation
Source: IRS Form 990. Selected filing: tax year 2024. Names and roles reflect this filing, not necessarily current officeholders.
Overview
Mission
Gavi’s mission is to save lives and protect people’s health by increasing equitable and sustainable use of vaccines. Gavi has enabled all low-income countries to introduce this vaccine in their national programmes. Today, Gavi-supported countries continue to have higher coverage of vaccines against Hib, pneumococcus and rotavirus than the rest of the world. As of 2022, 19 countries had transitioned out of Gavi support and are fully self-financing vaccine programmes introduced with Gavi support. Learn more about our work Parents with their child in Bangladesh. Credit: Gavi/2023/Ashraful Arefin Parents with their child in Bangladesh. Credit: Gavi/2023/Ashraful Arefin.
What it reported doing in 2024
The vaccine goal: introduce and scale up vaccinesin 2024, lower-income countries protected more people, against more diseases, than any year in history.- 58 gavi-supported vaccine introductions and preventive campaigns took place in 2024 in addition to 50 outbreak response vaccination campaigns supported by gavi.- 32.6 million girls fully immunized against hpv with gavi support in 2024 alone more than the previous ten years combined.- 17 countries accessed cholera, meningococcal and yellow fever vaccines through gavi-supported emergency stockpiles a total of 44 times in 2024.- 57 gavi-supported countries increased breadth of protection with vaccines in the gavi portfolio to 63%, up 8 percentage points from 2023.the equity goal: strengthen health systems to increase equity in immunizationin gavi 5.0/5.1, health system strengthening (hss) support prioritizes equity in immunisation delivery, to reduce the number of zero-dose and under-immunized children.- >72 million children were reached with gavi-supported routine vaccines in 2024 more than in any year previously.- 48 countries have installed more than 64,000 cold chain equipment (cce) units procured by unicef supply division through gavi's cold chain equipment optimization platform (cceop) nearly 2,700 in 2024 alone.- average coverage of dtp3 in 26 low-income countries supported by gavi is not yet back to pre-pandemic levels (i.e. 75% in 2019) while lower-income countries exceeded 2019 coverage by 1 pp, reaching 87% in 2024.- in 2024, gavi-supported countries increased dtp3 coverage at 82% (compared to the 85% global average).the sustainability goal: improve sustainability of immunization programs2024 was another record-breaking year for co-financing: even countries facing significant challenges increased their commitment to immunization.- us $255 million was contributed by countries towards the co-financing of gavi-supported vaccines in 2024 the highest amount yet and a testament to country ownership and the long-term financial sustainability of gavi-supported vaccines.- 55 vaccine programs originally introduced with gavi funding are now self-financed by countries as of 2023, up from 40 in 2018.- 100% of countries fully met their 2024 co-financing obligation except six waivers for humanitarian crisis.- in the face of fiscal challenges, climate change, conflict and instability, most gavi-supported countries maintained or increased domestic resources for co-financing of gavi-supported vaccines in 2024, bringing to us $1.9 billion their total contribution since the introduction of the co-financing policy in 2008.the healthy markets goal: ensure healthy markets for vaccines and related productsgavi's market shaping efforts make life-saving vaccines and other immunisation products more accessible and affordable for lower-income countries.- 10 markets for vaccines and immunisation products exhibited acceptable levels of healthy market dynamics in 2024, meeting the target for the year.- 12 innovative products were within the pipeline of commercial-scale manufacturers in 2024, continuing to exceed the alliance target of 8 by 2025 well ahead of schedule.- 500,000 mpox vaccine doses within a month of the who emergency declaration.- through gavi's market shaping efforts, the number of manufacturers supplying prequalified gavi-supported vaccines remained at 20 in 2024 (with more than half based in low- and middle-income countries) compared with 5 in 2001.further information on gavi's progress towards achieving its strategic goals can be found in its 2024 annual progress report, online at: https://www.gavi.org/programmes-impact/our-impact/progress-reports.
Operating model
- Revenue model
- Grant-funded. 64% of the money available for current operations came from government grants.
- Distribution model
- Grant intermediary. The nonprofit sent 96% of its reported program spending out as grants.
- Includes noncash contributions: Reported contributions include donated property or goods.
The verdict
STRONG - A large share of available resources goes toward mission work and the filed numbers largely add up. The filing reports few safeguards for money sent abroad and expenses are high relative to revenue.
Rating breakdown
- Financial Efficiency: 96
- Transparency & Controls: 82
- Accountability: 95
- Sustainability: 42
- Growth: 0
Detailed rating inputs
Financial Efficiency
- Mission deployment rate: 100%; rating input score 100
- Program expense ratio: 97%; rating input score 97
- Fundraising efficiency: $54.85 raised per $1 spent on fundraising; rating input score 76; 76th percentile among comparable filings
Transparency & Controls
- Consistency checks: 100%; rating input score 100; 68th percentile among comparable filings
- Pay-setting controls: 3 of 6 controls in place; rating input score 50
- Compensation committee: Missing
- Independent consultant: Pass
- Other Form 990s reviewed: Missing
- Written employment contract: Missing
- Compensation survey or study: Pass
- Board or committee approval: Pass
- Foreign activity oversight: 4 of 8 controls in place; rating input score 50
- Claims monitoring procedures: Pass
- Requires narrative reports: Fail
- Conducts field audits: Pass
- May suspend future funding: Fail
- Requires financial reports: Pass
- Conducts site visits: Fail
- Requires grant agreements: Pass
- May require repayment: Fail
- Grant itemization coverage: 100%; rating input score 100; 54th percentile among comparable filings
- Major donor itemization: Yes; rating input score 100
- Related-party transparency: Yes; rating input score 100
Accountability
- Independent voting board: 100%; rating input score 100; 77th percentile among comparable filings
- Governance controls: 8 of 9 controls in place; rating input score 89
- Conflict-of-interest policy: Pass
- Whistleblower policy: Pass
- Document-retention policy: Pass
- CEO compensation review process: Pass
- Other executive compensation review process: Pass
- Form 990 shared with the board: Fail
- Board meeting minutes documented: Pass
- Audit committee oversight: Pass
- Independent financial-statement audit: Pass
Sustainability
- Operating margin: -22.2%; rating input score 3; 3rd percentile among comparable filings
- Total-asset coverage ratio: 3.05; rating input score 76; 76th percentile among comparable filings
- Liabilities to assets ratio: 0.25; rating input score 62; 62nd percentile among comparable filings
- Officer compensation ratio: 0.2%; rating input score 91; 91st percentile among comparable filings
Growth
- Program expense growth: -6.1% per year; rating input score 0; 2nd percentile among comparable filings
- Revenue growth: -23.6% per year; rating input score 0; 0th percentile among comparable filings
- Asset growth: -0.7% per year; rating input score 0; 6th percentile among comparable filings
Details
- What they do: 1 programs and campaigns described on the official site
- Where the money goes: 100% of revenue deployed · 97% of spending went to programs
- Governance: 42 of 42 board members independent · 8 of 9 filing controls reported
- Programs: 1 filed program accomplishment · $3B in reported program spending
- Leadership: top reported pay $870K · 71 people listed · 3 of 6 pay-setting controls reported
- Highest-paid contractors: 5 contractors listed · $21.7M reported
- Consistency: 40 of 40 current checks pass
- Schedules: 10 filed schedules · includes major donors, foreign activity, grants, executive pay, and related organizations
- Filing history: 5 filing years from 2020 to 2024
- Contacts: How to reach this organization
- Money network: 54 filed money-flow records
- Related organizations: 39 filed related-organization links
- Grant readiness: Federal tax and exclusion status, award history, and grant-maker relationships.
- People: Everyone the filings name, and which of them the filings identify by more than a name.
Key Signals
Signals prioritize questions for review. They are not findings of misconduct.
- Review — Transparency & Controls: Foreign activity oversight: 4 of 8 not reported.
- High — Sustainability: Operating margin scored 3/100.
- High — Growth: Program expense growth scored 0/100.
- High — Growth: Revenue growth scored 0/100.
- High — Growth: Asset growth scored 0/100.
- Review — Accountability: Governance controls: Form 990 shared with the board not reported.