Buffalo & Erie County Historical Society
Nonprofit profile at a glance
- EIN
- 166000166
- IRS 990 coverage
- 2010–2025
- Forms available
- Form 990 2025
- Location
- Buffalo, NY, USA
- Phone
- 7168739644
- Rating
- 78
- Verdict
- SUPPORTED
- Rating confidence
- Moderate
Reported finances
- Revenue
- $2,603,539
- Expenses
- $2,626,353
- Assets
- $8,954,287
- Liabilities
- $655,630
Source: IRS Form 990. Selected filing: tax year 2025. Amounts in USD.
Leadership & pay
21 people listed
Executive titles in this filing
- MELISSA LEONARD (PRESIDENT)
- KEVIN BRADY (PAST PRESIDENT)
- LISA MARIE ANSELMI (VICE PRESIDENT)
- ANNE CONABLE (VICE PRESIDENT)
- CHRISTOPHER COPELAND (VICE PRESIDENT)
- JULIAN LOONEY (VICE PRESIDENT)
Highest reported compensation
- MELISSA BROWN (EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR): $109,103 total reported compensation
- BARBARA A SEALS NEVERGOLD (MANAGER): $4,250 total reported compensation
Source: IRS Form 990. Selected filing: tax year 2025. Names and roles reflect this filing, not necessarily current officeholders.
Overview
Mission
Experiencing history with you, by, remembering, discovering, safekeeping, and sharing our stories; learning and exploring together; sparking emotional and social connections within our unique community.
What it reported doing in 2025
Museum program and exhibits- the buffalo history museum plays a critical role in both preserving the legacy of our region and understanding the unique character and cultural identities of its people. We are distinctively located at the crossroads of past and future a vibrant, historic destination set at the heart of a re-energized cultural corridor. Since 1862, we have served as the community's historical ambassador, the dedicated safekeeper and storyteller of our collective memory. Through a collection of over 550,000 objects and an ever-changing array of exhibits and programs, we share the stories of our region's triumphs and struggles.our 2020-2030 master plan builds on our generations-long commitment to western New York by establishing a new vision and by refocusing on how we engage with communities to share their histories from their perspectives. Our goal is to foster an atmosphere of storytelling, conversation, and engagement that is built on input from our whole community. We aim to create content and connect with people of diverse backgrounds, sharing different perspectives on history and how it connects with contemporary issues. We believe sharing in local history builds and fosters community- creating a stronger sense of place and improving quality of life. In a recent survey, almost 60% of our visitors said that the museum contributes to their quality of life.creating access for all to experience history -develop plan for centralizing collections at the resource center. -offer virtual and in-person educational experiences providing local students the chance to discover their history, supporting and reinforcing the work of local educators.-award-winning podcast reaching audiences far beyond our walls with over 60,000 downloads to date and listeners in every state and over 75 countries.-catalog and expand digital access to collections by adding 1,000 objects to the pastperfect online artifact database, bringing the total to 9,115 objects and enhancing records with video and audio content where possible to support remote access.- continue pay-what-you-wish approach to admission feescollect and preserve our community's stories-continue developing our new contemporary collecting initiatives, including: celebrations & cultural traditions and recipes & historic menus-confront white supremacy and systemic racism with our partners in the may 14th buffalo massacre community memory coalition-create access to resources digitally including a personal name index to our collection of erie county clerk records-continue digital preservation inititiative with newpapers.com creating access to our vast newspaper collection.-continue to foster relationships with university at buffalo, buffalo state university and other higher education programs, creating internship opportunities for their students to develop research and collections management skills.-steward the only standing structure from the 1901 pan american exposition- a national historic landmark building overlooking mirror lake and olmsted's Delaware park. Exhibits, programs attract diverse audiences-"waterway of change," sponsored by the erie canal harbor development corporation, debuted as a signature erie canal bicentennial experience in buffalo, welcoming over 25,000 visitors free of charge. The exhibition begins with the traditional homeland of the haudenosaunee and the canal's 1825 opening, tracing buffalo's rise as a major port and shipping hub. It highlights the diverse perspectives of indigenous peoples, black individuals, women, and immigrant communities, revealing the canal's complex cultural and historical impact. Through an interactive multimedia experienceincluding short films, touchscreens, audio, artifacts, and dramatic lightingvisitors of all ages and abilities engage with buffalo's rapid growth, the canal's technical innovations, and the contributions of individuals who shaped the city. The exhibit provides a dynamic lens on history, connecting past achievemen
Operating model
- Revenue model
- Mixed. Its operating money came from several sources; no one source provided a clear majority.
- Distribution model
- Direct operator. The filing allocates 100% of reported program-service expenses outside its grant, affiliate-payment, and member-benefit lines. This expense classification does not rule out separately announced grant awards.
- Includes noncash contributions: Reported contributions include donated property or goods.
The verdict
SUPPORTED - The filed numbers largely add up and a large share of available resources goes toward mission work. Fundraising costs are high for each dollar raised and expenses are high relative to revenue.
Rating breakdown
- Financial Efficiency: 62
- Transparency & Controls: 86
- Accountability: 100
- Sustainability: 46
- Growth: 100
Detailed rating inputs
Financial Efficiency
- Mission deployment rate: 73.9%; rating input score 74
- Program expense ratio: 60.8%; rating input score 61
- Fundraising efficiency: $3.26 raised per $1 spent on fundraising; rating input score 8; 8th percentile among comparable filings
Transparency & Controls
- Consistency checks: 93.3%; rating input score 93; 18th percentile among comparable filings
- Pay-setting controls: Limited
- Foreign activity oversight: Limited
- Grant itemization coverage: Limited
- Major donor itemization: Yes; rating input score 100
- Related-party transparency: Limited
Accountability
- Independent voting board: 100%; rating input score 100; 63rd percentile among comparable filings
- Governance controls: 8 of 8 controls in place; rating input score 100
- Conflict-of-interest policy: Pass
- Whistleblower policy: Pass
- Document-retention policy: Pass
- CEO compensation review process: Pass
- Other executive compensation review process: NotApplicable
- Form 990 shared with the board: Pass
- Board meeting minutes documented: Pass
- Audit committee oversight: Pass
- Independent financial-statement audit: Pass
Sustainability
- Operating margin: -0.9%; rating input score 23; 23rd percentile among comparable filings
- Total-asset coverage ratio: 3.41; rating input score 73; 73rd percentile among comparable filings
- Liabilities to assets ratio: 0.07; rating input score 54; 54th percentile among comparable filings
- Officer compensation ratio: 4.3%; rating input score 61; 61st percentile among comparable filings
Growth
- Program expense growth: 4.1% per year; rating input score 100; 31st percentile among comparable filings
- Revenue growth: 6.3% per year; rating input score 100; 47th percentile among comparable filings
- Asset growth: 1.4% per year; rating input score 100; 15th percentile among comparable filings
Details
- Where the money goes: 73.9% of revenue deployed · 60.8% of spending went to programs
- Governance: 20 of 20 board members independent · 8 of 8 filing controls reported
- Programs: 3 filed program accomplishments · $1.6M in reported program spending
- Leadership: top reported pay $109K · 21 people listed
- Consistency: 32 of 33 current checks pass · 1 finding to review
- Schedules: 7 filed schedules · includes major donors
- Filing history: 15 filing years from 2010 to 2025
- Contacts: How to reach this organization
- Money network: 2 filed money-flow records
- Related organizations: 1 filed related-organization link
- Grant readiness: Federal tax and exclusion status, award history, and grant-maker relationships.
- People: Everyone the filings name, and which of them the filings identify by more than a name.
- Staff and benefit plans: Retirement and health plans the organization files with the Department of Labor, and the people in them.
Key Signals
Signals prioritize questions for review. They are not findings of misconduct.
- High — Financial Efficiency: Fundraising efficiency scored 8/100.
- High — Sustainability: Operating margin scored 23/100.
- Moderate — Transparency & Controls: Schedule A contributions reconciliation did not reconcile in the filed values.
- Review — Sustainability: Liabilities to assets ratio scored 54/100.